16th century maps and depictions by Matrakçı Nasuh (most uploaded to Wikipedia by user Marmoulak).
“Nasuh bin Karagöz bin Abdullah el-Bosnavî (born in Visoko, Bosnia and Herzegovina), commonly known as Matrakçı Nasuh (Bosnian: Matrakčija Nasuh) for his competence in the game called Matrak (also known as Nasuh el-Silâhî - Nasuh the Swordsman - because of his talent with weapons) was a 16th century Ottoman mathematician, teacher, historian, geographer, cartographer, swordmaster, and miniaturist of Bosniak origin. He was brought to Istanbul after being recruited by the Ottoman scouts in Rumalia, educated, served several Ottoman Sultans and became a teacher at Enderun School.[1]”
Matrakçı Nasuh, was a gifted Janissary of Bosnia who went through both the Infantry and devşirme system, a gifted swordsman and sharp shooter well known for his intellect; he spoke 5 languages and was recruited into the Ottoman Navy.
After a long period of studies on mathematics and geometry he wrote his works “Cemâlü’l-Küttâb” and “Kemalü’l- Hisâb” and submitted them to the Ottoman Sultan Selim I. He wrote also the two books named “Mecmaü’t-Tevârih” and “Süleymannâme”. They deal about the history of the period 1520 - 1543. He also wrote a historical piece on the Iran campaign of Suleiman I titled “Fetihname-i Karabuğdan”.[2]
A recent study of his book, Umdet-ul Hisab revealed an unknown fact that Matraki had invented some genuine multiplication methods. One of the significant results displayed in this book was that thelattice method had been widely used in the Enderun nearly 50 years before John Napier introduced it to the Western world for the second time after al-Khwārizmī and Fibonacci[3]. Besides his works on mathematics and history he is very famous because of his miniatures. He created a naturalist style which focuses on panoramic views of landscapes and cities painted with the greatest detail (his most famous work, the Istanbul landscape picture, shows almost every street and building of the city). In Ottoman miniature art this was later known as “Matrakçı style”. The most important of his four historic volumes of miniatures is that dealing with Suleiman I’s first Iran-Iraq campaign in 1534-35. Besides illustrating the march of the Ottoman army from Istanbul to Baghdad and then Tabriz and its return viaHalab and Eskisehir, he also includes all the cities met by the army along the way. The Library of Istanbul University hosts the only copy of this unique work.
Nasuh was also a soldier and a master Bladesmith. He worked as a weapon teacher at Enderun School. He and his students demonstrated their skills in a show which was part of the circumcisioncelebrations of Suleiman I’s sons. Because of his success in this demonstration Nasuh received the honorary title of Ustad (Master) and Reis (Chief) from the Sultan. He also wrote a book about usage of various weapons and techniques of cavalry and infantry fight, called “Tuhfet-ül Guzât”.[4]
More information about him here.
![articulum:
“This ‘atlas’ was the work of a family of Catalonian Jews who worked in Majorca at the end of the 14th century and was commissioned by Charles V of France at a time when the reputation of the Catalan chartmakers was at its peak. King Charles requested this map from Peter of Aragon, patron of the best Majorcan mapmaker of the time: Abraham Cresques. The ‘atlas’ that resulted has subsequently been called ‘the most complete picture of geographical knowledge as it stood in the later Middle Ages.’
The title of the Atlas shows clearly the spirit in which it was executed and its content:Mappamundi, that is to say, image of the world and of the regions which are on the earth and of the various kinds of peoples which inhabit it. A major impetus to the advancement of exploration in western Europe during the later Middle Ages came through the evolution and use of the nautical chart or portolano. Designed to assist mariners find their way at sea, it served a practical purpose akin to that of the future road map, but it answered this purpose by depicting not the route itself, but detailed coastlines and hazards to shipping. The Catalan Atlas is actually a world map built up around aportolan chart, thus combining aspects of the nautical chart by employing loxodromes and coastal detail with the medieval mappaemundi exemplified by its legends and illustrations. The result is that the Atlas represents a transitionary step towards the world maps developed later during the Renaissance, especially by its extensive application of contemporary geographical knowledge and ambitious scope. - Geographer at Large
[click image for higher quality]](http://24.media.tumblr.com/36631e96ac08c2e9b113d4283a67c129/tumblr_mj2ezxAejV1s4iixco1_500.png)
